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Effects of micronutrients on the detection of extracellular superoxide produced by the harmful raphidophyte Chattonella antiqua in culture 40598471 Yamasaki, Yasuhiro 山﨑, 康裕 ヤマサキ, ヤスヒロ Yamasaki 山﨑 ヤマサキ Yasuhiro 康裕 ヤスヒロ Hirayama, Ryunosuke ヒラヤマ, リュウノスケ ヒラヤマ, リュウノスケ Hirayama ヒラヤマ ヒラヤマ Ryunosuke リュウノスケ リュウノスケ Yamamoto, Akiho ヤマモト, アキホ ヤマモト, アキホ Yamamoto ヤマモト ヤマモト Akiho アキホ アキホ 00898984 Yuasa, Koki 湯浅, 光貴 ユアサ, コウキ Yuasa 湯浅 ユアサ Koki 光貴 コウキ 40603048 Shikata, Tomoyuki 紫加田, 知幸 シカタ, トモユキ Shikata 紫加田 シカタ Tomoyuki 知幸 トモユキ open access Chattonella; fish mortality; harmful algal bloom; manganese; reactive oxygen species; superoxide Noxious Chattonella species cause many red tides and fish kills. The detection of extracellular O2− produced by these algae will be critical for the development of a rapid toxicity-evaluation method; however, such a development has been prevented by the mismatch of the extracellular O2− detection level between field and laboratory experiments. The aim of this study was to identify impediments to detect extracellular O2− in laboratory experiments. Our results indicate that Mn and Co in the medium decreased the detection levels of extracellular O2− produced by Chattonella antiqua, and the effect by Mn was stronger than that by Co. IC50 of the radical-scavenging activity of Mn was 17.5 μM, and little activity was detected at 8.75 μM or less. Furthermore, the level of extracellular O2− production by C. antiqua in Mn-depleted medium varied greatly under various culture conditions; the extracellular O2− production level of C. antiqua was high under conditions similar to those under which blooms develop in the field. Therefore, Mn is a key scavenger of extracellular O2−, and amounts of Mn must be carefully considered whenever extracellular O2− production levels of phytoplankton cultured with other kinds of media are measured. Oxford University Press 2021-12-24 eng journal article VoR https://fra.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/262 10.1093/plankt/fbab087 20230410068 fish-u:71-068 https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbab087 Journal of Plankton Research https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363196364_Effects_of_micronutrients_on_the_detection_of_extracellular_superoxide_produced_by_the_harmful_raphidophyte_Chattonella_antiqua_in_culture ResearchGate 1464-3774 0142-7873 Journal of Plankton Research 44 1 10 36 47 https://fra.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/262/files/Yamasaki et al. Effects of micronutrients.pdf application/pdf 1 MB 2024-07-11