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アコヤガイの種苗生産に関する基礎的研究 1. 切り出し卵巣卵の成熟度の制定と産卵期における変化について
https://fra.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2009028
https://fra.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/20090284f67bfed-12e7-45fd-89a4-afff146d6558
| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||
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| 公開日 | 2024-06-27 | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | アコヤガイの種苗生産に関する基礎的研究 1. 切り出し卵巣卵の成熟度の制定と産卵期における変化について | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | Studies on the breeding of the Japanese pearl oyster, Pinctada martensit (Dunker), I. Change in the maturation of the eggs obtained from the excised gonads during the spawning scason | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
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| 言語 | jpn | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||
| アクセス権 | ||||||
| アクセス権 | metadata only access | |||||
| アクセス権URI | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb | |||||
| 著者 |
桑谷, 幸正
× 桑谷, 幸正 |
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| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | アコヤガイの種苗生産に関する基礎的な研究として産卵期間中における卵巣卵の成熟度の変化について検討した。 本実験は1965年６月から９月までに10回行った。実験の方法は１回当たり10個の雌貝を用い，卵巣を切開して自然流出卵をとり出し，洗滌の後，各種の濃度のアンモニア海水に浸し，浸漬後15分および30分の２回に媒精し，さらに10分後に洗滌して普通海水中に移し発生させた。受精した卵の一部が担輪子となり運動を開始した頃，ホルマリンをもって固定し，卵の発生段階を類別計数した。なお，実験方法の検討のため期間中につぎの各項について補足実験を行った。(1) アンモニア海水浸漬時間による卵核膜の消失率および卵分割の出現率について（Table 1, Fig. 1），(2) 同一時期における標本群間の卵熟度分布の相似性について（Fig. 2），(3) 遠心分離器の使用が卵の成熟および発生におよぼす影響にすいて（Table 2）。 主実験の結果は Table 3 および Fig.3 に示すとおりであって，その結果からつぎのことが考えられる。 (1) 処理海水のアンモニア濃度と卵核膜の消失率，正常および異常分割の出現率について：卵核膜の消失率；普通海水からある濃度までは次第に消失率が高くなるがそれ以上の濃度になっても消失率の変化はみられない。核膜の消失率が80%を超えるための最低濃度は 0~0.75×10-3N の範囲内にあり，とくに時期的な変化は認められない。正常分割の出現率；普通海水からある濃度までは次第に出現率が高くなるが，濃度がそれ以上になると逆に出現率は低くなる。アンモニアの好適濃度は0~0.75×10-3Nの範囲にあり，0.5×10-3N の場合が最も多い。好適濃度は実験初期には高く，中後期に低い。普通海水中での出現率は実験初期に低く、中期以降ではかなりの値（最高38%）を示している。異常分割の出現率；正常分割に対するアンモニアの好適濃度以下では比較的低いがそれ以上では濃度の増加にともなって高くなる。実験初期に低く後期に高くなる傾向がみられる。 (2) 卵巣卵の熟度の類別：正常分割に最も好適な濃度のアンモニア海水処理による発生段階を基準として（この実験方法に準拠する場合は0.5×10-3N），卵核膜の消失しないものを未熟卵，卵核膜が消失していても卵分割してしていないものを成熟卵，正常分割しているものを完熟卵とし，とくに普通海水中で正常分割したものを放出直前卵と分類する。なお，異常分割には種々の成因があると想定されるので別に異常分割卵として取り扱う（Fig.4）。 (3) 卵熟度分布の時期的な推移：実験期間は卵熟度分布からみて３期に区分される。前期；未熟卵が多く，放出直前卵および異常分割卵は少なく成熟卵および完熟卵が次第に増加する傾向を示す。中期；前期に比較して完熟卵，放出直前卵および異常分割卵が増加する。後期；前中期に比較して異常分割卵が極めて多く，また正常分割卵のうち完熟卵が少なくなり放出直前卵がその大部分を占めるようになる。実験前期，中期および後期はそれぞれ卵成熟期，放卵盛期および放卵後期を示すものと推察される（Fig.5）。 |
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| 言語 | ja | |||||
| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | The Japanese pearl oyster, Pinctada martensii, two years old was used to investigate the change in the maturation of eggs obtained from excised gonads during the spawning season. The main experiment was conducted ten times during about three months from June 10 to September 6, 1965. The maturation of eggs from ten incised ovaries was activated by exposure to various concentrations of ammonical sea water. The eggs were inseminated twice, 15 and 30 minutes after exposure, and then were washed with and removed to plain sea water ten minutes after the later insemination. They were further fixed by formalin solution when some of them attained the trochophore stage, and were classified according to their developmental stages. The following supplementary experiments were made for re-examination of the method mentioned above. (1) Rate of nuclear-breakdown and egg-cleavage induced by the length of exposure time to ammonical sea water was observed (Table 1 and Fig. 1). (2) Development of the eggs of groups of 10 oysters each, induced by exposure to ammonical sea water was compared (Fig. 2). (3) Effect on egg-development by washing utilizing a centrifugal separator in artificial fertilization was studied (Table 2). From the results of the main experiment shown in Table 3 and Fig. 3 the following conclusions are drawn: (1) The rate of nuclear-breakdown gradually becomes higher as the concentration from plain sea water to a certain concentration of ammonical sea water increases, but remains unchanged in the higher range than that concentration. The respective lowest concentrations needed for exceeding 80% at the rate of nuclear-breakdown are ranged 0-0.75×10-3 N NH3, and among those concentrations any tendency to change during the period of experiment is not found. Rate of normal egg-cleavage gradually becomes higher to the extent of a certain concentration of ammonical sea water, but in the higher range than that concentration there is a tendency for the rate to become lower as the concentration becomes higher. Optimum concentrations which bring the greatest abundance of normal egg-cleavage range 0-0.75x10-3N NH3 through the period of experiment, 0.5×10-3 N NH3 in most cases. The potimum concentration is higher in the earlier term and lower in the middle and later terms of the period of experiment. The rate of normal egg-cleavage in plain sea water is lower in the earlier term, but it shows considerable increase (maximum 38%) in and after the middle term. The rate of abnormal egg-cleavage is generally lower in the lower range than in the optimum concentration of normal egg-cleavage, but it gradually becomes higher in the higher range. There is a tendency for a lower rate of abnormal egg-cleavage to occur in the earlier term, and a higher rate in the later term of the period of experiment. (2) On the basis of the developmental stages of eggs induced by exposure to the optimum concentration of ammonical sea water (0.5x10-3 N NH3 in the present experiment), the egg with the intact germinal-vessicle is classified as the immature stage; the uncleavaged egg with dissolved germinal-vessicle is classified as the mature stage; the normal cleavaged egg is classified as the full mature stage. The normal cleavaged egg developed in plain sea water is classified as the most mature stage, because it may be presumed that it is in the state of just before detachment from the gonad. The abnormal cleavaged eggs are put into a special separate class, because it is presumed that they result from various causes (Fig. 4). (3) The period of the present experiment is divided into three terms by the degree of maturity of the eggs. Earlier term: many immature eggs ,and a few of the most mature eggs and abnormal cleavaged eggs. The mature eggs and full mature eggs show a tendency to increase in number with the work days of this term. Middle term: more full mature eggs and abnormal cleavaged eggs respectively than in the earlier term. Later term: a great number of abnormal cleavaged eggs as compared earlier and middle terms, and the most mature eggs command a majority instead of the full mature eggs of previous terms. It is presumed that the earlier, middle and later terms of the period of the present experiment correspond to the mature and spent and after-spent stages of the gonad during the spawning season of the oyster, respectively. |
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| 言語 | en | |||||
| 書誌情報 |
ja : 国立真珠研究所報告 en : Bulletin of the National Pearl Research Laboratory 巻 10, p. 1228-1243, ページ数 16, 発行日 1965-11-05 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | 国立真珠研究所 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | National Pearl Research Laboratory | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 書誌レコードID | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | AN00091717 | |||||
| 情報源 | ||||||
| 識別子タイプ | Local | |||||
| 関連識別子 | pearl_k_1228 | |||||
| 関連サイト | ||||||
| 識別子タイプ | URI | |||||
| 関連識別子 | https://jp-pearl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/houkoku010.pdf#002 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| 関連名称 | 日本真珠振興会Archive | |||||
