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水槽飼育アコヤガイの成長におよぼす米粉末投与量の影響について
https://fra.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2009041
https://fra.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2009041890a75d6-64b5-4051-bb65-14fc9dbe92eb
| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||
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| 公開日 | 2024-06-27 | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | 水槽飼育アコヤガイの成長におよぼす米粉末投与量の影響について | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | Effect of the amount of rice powder supplied as the diet on the growth of Japanese pearl oyster in tank culture | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 言語 | ||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||
| アクセス権 | ||||||
| アクセス権 | metadata only access | |||||
| アクセス権URI | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb | |||||
| 著者 |
桑谷, 幸正
× 桑谷, 幸正× 西飯, 保 |
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| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | ７組の飼育水槽（濾過循環式，水量39ℓ，濾過砂15kg，換水量１日15ℓ）を用い，56個（８個×７群）の満１年生アコヤガイを材料とし，粉砕した精白米を餌料として，その投与量をかえて貝の成長と水質の変化とを調査した。各群の１日１貝当たりの投餌量はそれぞれ５，10，15，20，30，40および50mgとした。 1) 水温は実験開始後７日目（約21℃）から次第に上昇し，56日目には24.5℃を示した。また各水質要因の変化はそれぞれ横SあるいはL字型曲線をもって示された。米粉末投与量のちがいによる各飼育水の水質的な差異はほとんど認められなかった。 2) 水質の変化と貝の成長量の変化とを比較すると，水質と貝の成長とは相互に影響しあってそれぞれ波動的な変化を形成した。このような現象は濾過砂の分解能および硝酸化成能または飼育水の交換量に対して供試貝の収容量が過大であることを示している。 3) 本実験の水温の範囲内では１日１貝当たりの米粉末投与量が15mgおよびそれ以下では貝は飼料不足による明らかな衰弱が認められた。投与量が20mgから50mgの範囲においては貝の摂取量は水温および水質に影響され，水温が低くあるいは水質が悪い場合には摂取量は少なくなり，これらの状態のもとで投与量の多い場合には貝は過剰飼料排除のために衰弱し，また水温が高く，水質が良好な場合には摂取量は多くなり投与量に比例した成長がみられた, 4) 実験各群の水中増重量の変化，乾燥肉質重量および摂餌と増重量の関係から計算すると，貝の正常な成長をもたらすためには１日１貝当たり約40mgの米粉末の投与が必要である。また，実験群と対照群との肉質含有成分量から計算すると１日１貝当たり体蛋白質約7mg，体糖質約22mgの補給が必要であり，飼料として米粉末のみを投与する場合には約36mgが必要となる。 5) 貝殻真珠層表面の腐蝕溶解像の出現率を調査した結果，投餌量20mg以上の各群では対照群と比較してほとんど差がみられないが15mg以下の各群では投餌量が少なくなるに従って腐蝕溶解像の出現率が高くなっている。 |
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| 言語 | ja | |||||
| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | 56 specimens of the Japanese pearl oyster, Pinctada martensii, full one-year-old, 5.6-6.5 g in under-water weight, were reared on a diet of various quantities of rice powder during a period of 56 days. 7 culture containers were placed in a thermostatic dark box. Each container consists of 3 vessels, a culture vessel (15 l of water), a filter vessel (9 l of water and 15 kg of sand) and a food-supplying vessel (15 l of water), linked each other by glass tubes for circulation of water. 15 l of the water in each container was replaced with the fresh sea water once a day. 8 specimens were put in each culture vessel and the daily supply of diet per oyster was 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg, respectively. The results obtained are summarized as follows (Appendix Table I and II): 1) Water temperature and water qualities; The water temperature increased from about 21℃ at 7 days to about 24.5℃ at 56 days after the begining of rearing (Fig. 1). Judging from the result obtained using the diagnostic method on the qualities of breeding water indicated our previous report (1966), the breeding water had been polluted in the begining of rearing period and gradually purified through the former term into the middle term, and grew worse in some degree again in the latter term. This change in qualities of water may be due to the decomposition and nitrification of the meat juice and starch powder which were supplied for promoting the ripening of filter sand before the rearing, the development of decomposing and nitrifying activities of the filter sand and the increase and decrease of metabolism of the oysters. No significant differences were observed in every factor of water qualities among 7 containers, and mutual relationships were also scarce between each factor and the daily supply of diet. (Figs. 2-7 and 14). 2) Growth of oyster, cumulative increase in under-water weight during the rearing period; 3 groups on 5, 10 and 15 mg diet per oyster increased in a low grade in the first half period and decrease in the second half period. 3 groups on 20, 30 and 40 mg diet increased normally from start to end of the period. A group on 50 mg diet increased similarly as in the former 3 groups in the first half period and its weight approached those of the latter 3 groups in the second half period. (Figs. 8 and 9). Average daily increase in weight; In the first half period the oyster groups were arranged in order of daily increase as 30>20≒40>5≒15>50>10 mg diet and in the second half period as 50≒40>30>20>5>15>10 mg diet. 4 groups on 20-50 mg diet were turned end up in order between the first and second half period. (Fig. 10, a and b). 3) Dry and wet weights of the shell and meat after the end of rearing; From the result of F-test, the significance of differences in mean and standard deviation of meat weight among oyster groups were found and the groups were arranged in order of meat weight as 40≒30>50≒20>15≒10≒5 mg diet(Table 1). 4) Appearance rate of etching and dissolution of the surface structure of the nacreous layer of valves; Among 4 groups on 20 mg and over diet, there were few differences in the rate, and among 3 groups on 15 mg and less diet, the less the diet supplied, the higher the appearance rate was found (Fig. 11). 5) Approximate composition of the meat of oyster; Mutual relationships were found among dry meat weight, and contents of crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrate as glucose (Fig. 12 and Table 2). Content rates of crude protein were in inverse proportion to and of carbohydrate were in direct proportion to the quantities of diet supplied. Approximate compositions of the meats on 30 mg and over diet were closely akin to that of the control cultured in the sea farm. (Fig. 13). From the results obtained the following conclusions are drawn: 1) Relation between water qualities and oyster growth; A peak of the daily growth of oysters in the former term of the rearing period may be due to the effect of the nutritive substances stocked during a culture period in the sea farm, and the decline of growth in the middle term to both, the loss of the effect and the pollution of breeding water in the former term. Through the middle term into the latter term the growth took a favorable turn probably caused by the purification of breeding water in the middle term. In the second half of the latter term the decline of growth in some degree may be attributable to the pollution of breeding water by vigorous metabolism of the oysters from the middle term to the first half of latter term of the rearing period. That is, change in the qualities of breeding water and growth of oyster during the rearing period is represented with a wave-like curve respectively, interacting on each other. Judging from this phenomenon it is probable that the oysters received in a container in the present rearing were supernumeraries to the quantity of breeding water, volume of filter sand and renewal rate of breeding water (Fig. 15). 2) Growth of oyster to supplying quantities of diet; So far as the size of oysters used and the extent of water temperature measured in the present experiment, on the daily supply of rice powder 15 mg and below per oyster, the oyster seems to grow weak for lack of diet, and the proper supply in quantity of diet among 20 to 50 mg may be determined by the environmental condition, that is, under low temperature and bad qualities of water the oyster seems to take in a small quantity of diet, and under high temperature and good qualities to do a large quantity of diet (Figs. 16 and 17). 3) Necessary components and amount of diet; From the relationships between the amounts of rice powder fed and growth of the oysters in the last week of rearing period (Fig. 17), and between the cumulative growth and dry meat weight of the oysters at the end of rearing experiment, about 40 mg of rice powder per oyster and day is required as the diet for obtaining the same growth as the oysters cultured in the sea farm. From the differences of approximate compositions of the meats between a group supplied 40 mg diet which group had the most weighty meat among those groups, and a group cultured in the sea farm, it is estimated that the replenishments of crude protein about 7 mg and carbohydrate about 22 mg (29 mg as rice powder) is required. In case, further, in which the rice powder only is supplied, it is estimated that about 36 mg of the diet is required. |
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| 言語 | en | |||||
| 書誌情報 |
ja : 国立真珠研究所報告 en : Bulletin of the National Pearl Research Laboratory 巻 12, p. 1409-1431, ページ数 23, 発行日 1967-11-05 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | 国立真珠研究所 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | National Pearl Research Laboratory | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 書誌レコードID | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | AN00091717 | |||||
| 情報源 | ||||||
| 識別子タイプ | Local | |||||
| 関連識別子 | pearl_k_1409 | |||||
| 関連サイト | ||||||
| 識別子タイプ | URI | |||||
| 関連識別子 | https://jp-pearl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/houkoku012.pdf#002 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| 関連名称 | 日本真珠振興会Archive | |||||
