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バフンウニ生殖巣の新規苦味アミノ酸プルケリミンに関する研究
https://fra.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2010774
https://fra.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2010774b38dd6b8-a9c2-4b2f-881d-eb1d7b42e35e
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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fra_k_3_31.pdf (479.4 KB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||
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| 公開日 | 2024-10-02 | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | バフンウニ生殖巣の新規苦味アミノ酸プルケリミンに関する研究 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | Studies on a Novel Bitter Amino Acid，Pulcherrimine in the Green Sea Urchin Gonads | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 言語 | ||||||
| 言語 | eng | |||||
| キーワード | ||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||
| 主題 | sea urchin; bitterness; amino acid; Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus; gonad | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||
| アクセス権 | ||||||
| アクセス権 | open access | |||||
| アクセス権URI | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |||||
| 著者 |
村田, 裕子
× 村田, 裕子 |
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| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | The present study was undertaken to clarify the bitter substance in the green sea urchin gonads. The substance was elucidated to be a novel sulfur-containing amino acid. It was named pulcherrimine after the scientific name of the green sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. The results of the investigation were described in five Chapters. ‘Chapter 1’described the results of the preliminary examination of this study. The frequency of occurrence of bitter-tasting sea urchins collected from the sea off Iwaki in Fukushima Prefecture was examined. All of the individuals of which the gonads tasted bitter were found to be mature females. This evidence indicates that bitter-tasting gonads are specific to mature ovaries. Free amino acid contents were not significantly different between ovaries and testes. Thus, the possibility of the participation of the bitter tasting amino acids, i.e. Val, Leu and Ile in the bitterness of the sea urchin ovaries was ruled out. The relation between the tri-monthly changes in the gonad index (GI) and the frequency of bitter gonads of the green sea urchin at the sea off Iwaki was investigated from November 1998 to November 1999. The mean GI value of mature male and female individuals was lowest in May 1999. However, the GI values showed a large variation among mature specimens in each season, therefore, the maturation process of the sea urchins in the sea off Iwaki may vary among individuals. Immature individuals were found in May, August and November 1999, and their percentages were 20%, 60％ and 4％, respectively. However, many mature sea urchins were found in all months when examined. These facts indicate that the reproductive cycle seems to be unclear and the occurrence of the mature stage extends over a long term in this area. More than 95％ of the mature ovaries had a bitter taste in November 1998, February 1999 and November 1999. In May and August 1999, 60％ of the mature ovaries had a bitter taste. In August 1999, 20％ of the immature gonads tasted bitter. From these results, the seasonal change in the frequency of bitter ovaries agreed well with that in the distribution of mature ovaries. ‘Chapter 2’described the isolation of a novel sulfur-containing amino acid from the green sea urchin ovaries, and the elucidation of its structure. This amino acid was named pulcherrimine (Pul). Ovaries were extracted with 80％ aq EtOH and then 20％ aq MeOH. The 80％ EtOH extract was partitioned between water and diethyl ether. The aqueous layer and the 20％ aq MeOH extract were combined and subjected successively to ODS flash chromatography, gel filtration on Sephadex G-10, MPLC on ODS and RP-HPLC. Thirty milligrams of the bitter principle was obtained from 628g of the starting material. Molecular weight and the molecular formula of the bitter compound was determined to be 249 and C9H15O5NS, respectively, by HRFAB-MS. The structure was elucidated as 4 (- 2’-carboxy -2’-hydroxyethylthio)-2-piperidinecarboxylic acid by 1H and 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HMBC, and HMQC experiments. The absolute stereochemistry was determined by NOE experiments, chiral HPLC analysis and the modified Mosher method. Accordingly, the absolute stereochemistry of Pul was 2’S, 2R, and 4S . In ‘Chapter 3’, a method for determination of Pul in sea urchin gonads was devised. This method consists of the formation of dimethylaminoazobenzenesulphonyl chloride (Dabs-Cl) derivatives of Pul (dabsylation), and separation of the dabsylate using RP-HPLC. The dabsylated Pul was analyzed by RP-HPLC using a linear gradient elution consisting of methanol/ aquous/ acetic acid and methanol/ acetic acid mixture after dabsylation. Linearity of the caribration curve for Pul was extremely high (r=0.994) in the tested range from 0µg/ml to 4µg/ml. The Pul content in the ovary and testis of the green sea urchin collected from the sea off Iwaki in November 1998 was analyzed by this method. The mean Pul content in the ovary was 1.37mg/100g. On the other hand, no Pul was detected in all testes examined. Correlation between the bitterness and the Pul content was statistically significant. Individuals with a low pulcherrimine content in their ovaries increased from February to August 1999 and decreased from August to November 1999. These results suggest that the amount of pulcherrimine is related to a seasonal change, probably the maturity of ovaries of the green sea urchin. ‘Chapter 4’ described the result of sensory tests for Pul in relation to the thresholds for detection and recognition. The detection and recognition thresholds determined by a triangle test were 0.17mM and 0.34mM, respectively. Furthermore, by the triangle tests, the thresholds for Pul added to the extracts from the green sea urchin gonads were estimated to be 0.25mM and 0.52mM (immature gonads), 0.22mM and 0.46mM (ovaries), and 0.27mM and 0.46mM (testes), respectively. These findings suggested that the compound exerts remarkable effects of bitter taste on the extracts from both immature and mature green sea urchin gonads. In‘Chapter 5’, in order to examine the possibility of differences in receptor mechanisms among bitter substances, behavioral responses to Pul using a conditioned taste aversion (CTA) paradigm in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice were compared. The behavioral aversion threshold to Pul was determined to be 1.0mM in C57BL/6 mice and 1.0mM in BALB/c mice after aversions were conditioned in mice to 4mM Pul. This fact indicated that taste sensitivity to Pul is higher in BALB/c than in C57BL/6 mice. Generalization patterns across various bitter and other taste stimuli in the two strains of mice suggested that Pul may taste similar to sulfur-containing bitter compounds, but different from any other bitter amino acids and even L-methionine. A hierarchical cluster analysis showed that Pul was grouped with sulfur-containing bitter substances, and SOA, Den and Str. | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | バフンウニ（Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus）は，広く日本沿岸で漁獲されている美味なウニの一種であり，すでに食用部分である生殖巣の呈味成分組成については明らかにされている。しかし，生殖巣に強い苦 味を有するために，福島県などバフンウニを漁獲対象 としていない地域がある。本研究では，バフンウニの苦味を解明するために，福島県いわき地方に生息する個体を対象とし，苦味の発現頻度，苦味物質の単離と 化学構造，苦味物質の分析，味覚生理学的特性について検討した。 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| 書誌情報 |
ja : 水産総合研究センター研究報告 en : Bulletin of Fisheries Research Agency 巻 3, p. 31-61, ページ数 31, 発行日 2002-03 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | 水産総合研究センター | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| ISSN | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | PISSN | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | 1346-9894 | |||||
| 書誌レコードID | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | AA11589591 | |||||
| 情報源 | ||||||
| 識別子タイプ | Local | |||||
| 関連識別子 | fra_k_3_31 | |||||
| 関連サイト | ||||||
| 識別子タイプ | URI | |||||
| 関連識別子 | https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010651115 | |||||
| 関連名称 | 日本農学文献記事索引（AgriKnowledge） | |||||
| 著者版フラグ | ||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||
