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クルマエビのホワイトスポット病WSD(white spot disease)の防除対策に関する研究
https://fra.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2010913
https://fra.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/20109137213788f-fc55-4020-a6cb-86198f83dfcb
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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fra_k_36_57.pdf (29.0 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||
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| 公開日 | 2024-10-02 | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | クルマエビのホワイトスポット病WSD(white spot disease)の防除対策に関する研究 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | Studies on prevention measure of white spot disease of kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 言語 | ||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||
| キーワード | ||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||
| 主題 | WSD; PAV; kuruma shrimp; Marsupenaeus japonicus; vaccine | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||
| アクセス権 | ||||||
| アクセス権 | open access | |||||
| アクセス権URI | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |||||
| 著者 |
佐藤, 純
× 佐藤, 純 |
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| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | WSD （white spot disease）, the equivalent of penaeid acute viremia （PAV）, has become one of the most serious problems not only in the shrimp farming industry but also in hatchery production in Southeast Asian countries and the Americas. The major infection route of the causative virus （WSSV: white spot syndrome virus= PRDV） is considered to be vertical transmission from spawners to larvae/juveniles via eggs in the seed production process of kuruma shrimp （Marsupenaeus japonicus）. Therefore, in order to inhibit vertical trans mission, eggs are selected based on PCR （polymerase chain reaction） detection of WSSV from the receptaculum seminis after spawning. In addition, the fertilized eggs are disinfected with povidone iodine （5 mg/l for 5 min）. In order to prevent horizontal transmission, larval and juvenile rearing seawater is treated with UV irradiation. Stable production of specific-pathogen-free shrimp was accomplished by these countermeasures for the prevention of WSSV transmission. However, in kuruma shrimp farms, horizontal transmission by cannibalism and waterborne routes is also very important among reared shrimp and cohabiting crustaceans in those environments. Thus, it is still difficult to prevent horizontal infection by WSSV at shrimp farms. Recently, a “quasi-immune response” was founded in kuruma shrimp, wherein naturally survived from WSD were protected against a re-challenge with WSSV. Moreover, we developed oral vaccine with WSSV recombinant proteins, rVP26 and rVP28, meaning that shrimp protection against WSSV-infection was inducible by the oral vaccine with rVPs. Chapter 1. - In 1996, a hatchery of Japan Sea-Farming Association obtained kuruma shrimp （Marsupenaeus japonocus） eggs for seedling culture from wild broodstocks, among which some were found to be white spot syndrome virus （WSSV） infected by PCR test. Eggs were washed once with filtrated seawater and reared in the hatchery. During the culture, those post-larval groups in which WSSV were detected were excluded. Although no WSSV was found in the seedlings prior to the transportation to the nursery by PCR test, WSD occurred among them during the culture in the nursery facilities. In 1997, the hatchery again obtained prawn eggs from wild broodstocks. However, in this year, PCR-check was applied to select non-WSSV infected spawners. Furthermore, eggs were disinfected with iodine before being served for rearing. No WSD infection occurred throughout the culture in the hatchery and the nursery facility in this year. These results strongly suggest that the infec- tion source of WSD occurred in 1996 originated from spawners. Chapter 2. - Conditions suitable for disinfection of fertilized eggs of Marsupenaeus japonicus using povidone-iodine were investigated. Eggs 10 h after fertilization were exposed to 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/L of active iodine for 5, 10, 15 and 20 min. Hatching rate showed no significant difference between control and test groups in concentration of 2.5 mg/L of active iodine for 5 to 20 min and 5.0 mg/L for 5 to 15 min. Viable bacterial counts in these conditions decreased by more than 90% when compared with those of control groups. There was no significant difference in the hatching rates of eggs with eight different developmental stages between control and tested groups exposed to 5.0 mg/L of active iodine for 5 min. Chapter 3. - We compared WSSV infection induction in kuruma shrimp by oral, immersion, and intramuscular injection （IM） exposure methods and evaluated the oral vaccine prepared from the recombinant WSSV proteins rVP26 and rVP28. The 50% lethal doses （LD 50） of WSSV by oral, immersion, and IM challenges were 10 －0.4, 10 －4.4, and 10 －7.7 g shrimp －1, respectively, indicating that WSSV infection efficiency by oral challenge was significantly less than the other 2 challenge routes. However, in shrimp farms it is believed that WSSV infection is easily and commonly established by the oral route as a result of cannibalization of WSSV-infected shrimp. Kuruma shrimp vaccinated orally with WSSV rVP26 or rVP28 were challenged with WSSV by oral, immersion, and IM routes to compare protection efficacy. The relative percent survival values were 100% for oral challenge, 70 to 71% for immersion, and 34 to 61% for IM. Thus, the protection against WSSV-infection that was induced in kuruma shrimp by oral vaccination with rVP26 or rVP28 seemed equivalent to that obtained through IM vaccination. Chapter 4. - The phylaxis against WSSV was also inducible by oral vaccination with recombinant WSSV proteins, rVP26 and rVP28. In the present study, kuruma shrimp orally vaccinated with rVPs were sequentially challenged with WSSV to evaluate onset and duration of phylactic response and booster effect. The phylactic response of shrimp against WSSV-challenge peaked at day 45 after the vaccination with rVP26 （RPS: 100%） and at day 55 with rVP28 （RPS: 93%）, and decreased within 10-20 days. The phylaxis against WSSV-challenge was boosted by the secondary vaccination with homologous rVPs, but not by those with heterologous rVPs. Phylactic responses by the secondary vaccination appeared more rapid than those by the primary vaccination. These results demonstrated that the duration of phylaxis induced by oral vaccination with rVPs was relatively short, but could be extended by booster vaccination with homologous rVPs. | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | WSD は，クルマエビ種苗生産過程あるいは養殖生産過程において被害をもたらすウイルス感染症である。元来抗体を持たない無脊椎動物のワクチン開発は無意味であると考えられて来たが，感染耐過クルマエビが WSD 原因ウイルスである WSSV（wihte spot syndrome virus）の再感染に対しある程度の特異性を有する抵抗性を獲得することが解明された（免疫様現象）。本研究では，これらの免疫様現象を利用したより積極的な水平伝感染除技術の開発を目的の一つとした。第1章では，種苗生産過程における WSSV の感染経路を検討し，種苗生産過程における WSSV の主たる感染経路は垂直感染の可能性が高いと判断した。第2章では種苗生産過程において実施される受精卵のヨード剤による消毒の安全性と効果について検討し，クルマエビの受精卵は128細胞期においてハンドリングの影響を受けやすいことを確認した。また，ヨウ素濃度5 mg/L で5分の処理が安全であり，安全な処理条件で卵表面の生菌数を90％以上減させた。第3，4章では大腸菌発現の WSSV の rVP26と rVP28の経口投与ワクチンの有効性を検討した。その結果，経口攻撃，浸漬攻撃および注射攻撃の何れにおいても防御効果が確認できた。特に，経口攻撃試験で高い防御効果が得られたことは，共食いによる水平的な感染の拡大を特徴とする WSD の実用的な防除対策の一つになると考えた。 以上，現時点で考えられる最も有効な防除対策技術をとりまとめると，1．親エビの選抜，2．卵消毒，3．飼育水の管理，飼育水の殺菌管理が難しくなる天然海面を利用した養殖生産過程での対策としては，生体防御能を利用した水平感染対策が考えられ，rVPsの経口投与とブースターの必要性について検討したところ，WSSV に対する防御効果が誘導できること，さらに誘導される防御反応の発現時期および持続期間も明らかにした。 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| 書誌情報 |
ja : 水産総合研究センター研究報告 en : Bulletin of Fisheries Research Agency 巻 36, p. 57-106, ページ数 50, 発行日 2012-01 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | 水産総合研究センター | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| ISSN | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | PISSN | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | 1346-9894 | |||||
| 書誌レコードID | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | AA11589591 | |||||
| 情報源 | ||||||
| 識別子タイプ | Local | |||||
| 関連識別子 | fra_k_36_57 | |||||
| 関連サイト | ||||||
| 識別子タイプ | URI | |||||
| 関連識別子 | https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010830992 | |||||
| 関連名称 | 日本農学文献記事索引（AgriKnowledge） | |||||
| 著者版フラグ | ||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||
